Mothers vs Fathers Making Parent # 1

Mothers vs Fathers Making Parent # 1? Traditionally, most societies considered a man as a breadwinner responsible for the material well-being of his family, whereas a woman performed the role of a hearth keeper in charge of the children and home. However, the situation have changed considerably in the last several decades: men now participate more actively in the upbringing process starting from being present at childs birth and finishing with some babysitting if their wives choose to pursue a career. However, many people still believe that women are better at parenting than men. One of the main concerns behind this attitude is that women usually have more housekeeping skills. But personally I believe that they are not something we are born with: women learn them, so why cannot men do the same, especially when electrical appliances have made housekeeping so much easier? Another idea, which is often referred to, is that women are gentler and kinder in nature, so a child will get more affection. However, this point seems to be only partially true. First of all, men are generally not so hard-hearted. They just do not tend to express their emotions. But their attitude to their child can still be full of love and care, which the child would undoubtedly feel. Secondly, newspapers and TV reports are abundant in stories when mothers, being addicted to drugs, treated their children in an absolutely inhuman way, which proves that love and care are actually the matter of personal features rather than a gender issue. The only real advantage women have over men as parents is the ability to breastfeed. But lets face it: if a woman does not care about a baby, she is very unlikely to breastfeed. To sum up, parenting is more a call of ones heart rather than an inherent characteristic and a gender issue. So, men can make as good parents as women.

Gay Marriage Research Paper - 1970 Words

It is rooted in our traditional Western values that marriage is intended to be between man and woman. The dictionary defines it as the social institution under which a male and female establish their decision to live as husband and wife by legal commitments and religious ceremonies.1 I do not believe marriage should have an alternate definition. President George W. Bush once addressed our nation stating: â€Å"The union of a man and woman is the most enduring human institution honored and encouraged in all cultures and by every religious faith. Ages of experience have taught humanity that the commitment of a husband and wife to love and to serve one another promotes the welfare of children and the stability of society. Marriage cannot be†¦show more content†¦It is argued that gay marriage does not harm society in any way therefore it does not make a difference whether it is legal or not. On the contrary, people who are against gay marriage hold the idea that homosexualit y is a sin and is considered immoral. They believe that extending the definition of marriage diminishes the true meaning of traditional family. It is proven that children who are raised in homosexual homes are exposed to negative influence. Homosexual relationships deny a child a mother or father. Females who grow up without a father are more likely to engage earlier in sexual activity. They are also more likely to become pregnant during their teenage years. Research suggests that children who do not have mothers are deprived of emotional support and valuable advice.4 Another argument against gay marriage is also believe that homosexuals cannot procreate. Procreation is a prominent reason to marry. People also argue that legalzing same-sex marriage could lead to polygamous and interspecies marriages.4 If the exception is granted for gays and lesbians than other groups will expect the right to wed as well. Another prominent argument against gay marriage is that it negatively impacts children. This makes adoption for gay marriage extremely controversial. Gays and lesbians must adopt if they want children because they cannot procreate. If same-sex marriage isShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Research Paper899 Words   |  4 PagesIn recent years, the debate over gay marriage has grown from an issue that occasionally arose in a few states to a nationwide controversy. People have opposing viewpoints on whether gays should be allowed to marry or not, and the sub topics that coincide with gay marriage. People wonder if it is okay for gays to marry, and if so, should it be legal everywhere? In the United States I 2009, some states like Iowa, Vermont, and Connecticut allow gays to marry, while states like California, Florida,Read MoreGay Marriage Research Paper1852 Words   |  8 Pagesmarried or reap the benefits of said marriage. Marriage is basic to the recognition as equals in society and any status short of this becomes inferior, unjust and unconstitutional. Our nat ion cannot live up to its promise of equality and the fundamental rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, until the invidious discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation is done away with. Equality under the law extends to all persons. Legalizing same-sex marriage, a recognition of basic AmericanRead MoreHomosexual Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesHomosexual marriage should be legal because marriage is a symbol of love and passion for one another, the homosexual family life is just as good as heterosexual family life, and prohibiting gay marriage is unconstitutional discrimination. Homosexuality occurs in over four hundred and fifty species, but homophobia (irrational fear or dislike against homosexuality) only occurs in one. (Gay Marriage Research Paper) We live in the â€Å"land of the free,† but we still have laws that ban marriage of homosexualRead MoreThe Legalization Of Gay Marriage1411 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The legalization of gay marriages is one of the most controversial issues throughout particularly in modern life. This paper, based on secondary research, arguing for legalizing same-sex marriage through specific analysis of its positive influences. In particular, there are two main benefits regarding society as well as economy. The finds of the research indicate that gays or lesbians are completely an important part of society. Therefore, they must have the rights to live and marry legallyRead MoreGay Families are Still Families Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pagesare legalizing same-sex marriage, new questions arise. Regardless of ones position about whether gay marriage should be legal, it is clear that the definition of family is changing and the legal system will need to address these changes. Whether it is determining who should be a custodial parent, clarifying adoption processes, or implementing legal protections in cases of divorce, family law must grow and change along with the definition of family. Through my research, I hope to present point/counterpointRead MoreMarriage Equality For Same Sex Couples1480 Words   |  6 PagesStudies Interest Research Project Marriage Equality for Same-Sex Couples in Australia. Tiarne Milton Year 12, CAFS Mrs Stamoudis Table Of Contents Abstract/summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Acknowledgments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Review of existing research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreFeminism Of A Post Feminist Period Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesPosition paper 1. An introduction This paper will be presenting a position paper focusing on the debate whether we are living in a post-feminist period in which gender is no longer a major barrier to equity. The paper will utilise feminism theory through use of article to create an argument to support this debate. It will also incorporate some compelling case justifying the researcher’s position. †¢ Identification of the issue (background information) Post Feminism simply can be referred toRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1434 Words   |  6 PagesGay marriage has slowly become a significant factor amongst individuals of today’s society. On June 26, 2015, it was ruled out by the U.S. Supreme Court that gay marriage was now legal. The first thing that I thought was that â€Å"Wasn’t it already legal in the United States?† Well, apparently no it has not been legalized in the United States! (Dumb me.) The U.S. is known to be a nation of equality and gives everyone the freedom of the speech, but it is actually a nation full of racism, sexism, and homophobiasRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized1309 Words   |  6 PagesKaterina Do Dr. Clay ENGL 1302-013 29 September 2015 Issue Proposal I would introduce this issue to an audience explaining that same-sex marriage, also called gay marriage, is a marriage or a civil union between couples of the same sex. I would continue to explain it as a controversial and moral issue discussed worldwide today, due to many gay couples coming out and openly expressing their need for equal rights. I would add onto and explain how supporters of equal rights and those who oppose theRead MoreDifference Between A Good Survey And A Bad Survey941 Words   |  4 Pagesto try understand what we can get from it, it is important for us to know the difference between a good survey and a bad survey. Methods In this research paper I went online and found two different surveys that had the same topic in their questions. I looked on the proposition 8 that the U.S. Supreme Court had handed down regarding same sex marriage in California. The reason I choose this poll was because many of the misunderstanding the people had when they voted. I got this information from Kathy

The South African Youth Free Essays

Reflecting back on the tragedy that just occurred at Columbine High School in Denver Colorado and the generalizations being made about the U.S youth and the crisis that we are in and supposedly are experiencing ,I decided to research the youth crisis in South Africa. There is at present no â€Å"youth crisis† as such. We will write a custom essay sample on The South African Youth or any similar topic only for you Order Now However young people find themselves in the midst of a range of crises that should be addressed urgently by the state and society. † South African youths† as a category refers to South Africans between 15 and 30 years of age; they constitute 29,5% of the population, yet there is no comprehensive youth policy in place to attend to their needs. Most young people share common values of society – signs of radicalism and militarism are found in only a minority of youth. Only a small percentage of South Africa’s youth can be considered truly marginalized as the country’s youth as a whole and therefore cannot be called a â€Å"lost generation†. Thirty-seven per cent of South Africa population were below the age of 15 in 1991. It can be compared with the average of 40% for similar countries in the world, less-developed countries averaging 44% and industrialized countries 23%. The composition of people between 15 and 30 years, comprised 29,5% of South Africa’s population. Figures for racial categories indicate a total of approximately 8,3 million (75%) black, 1,4 m. (12%) white, 1,1 m. (10%) colored and 300 000 (3%) Asian youths in this group. There are many problems for the South African Youth and some of the most challenging problems include family and community instability that leads to a wide range of other social problems for youth. The black family has been under enormous strain partly because of an education system that is not providing all youth with relevant and quality education. Economic stagnation, together with inadequate education, has resulted in high levels of unemployment and poverty, especially among women and blacks. Demographic factors which continue to impact on the South African population and more specifically the youth. It has been estimated that by 1995, 50% of the age cohort 15 to 19 will live in urban areas. The extent to which young people from the different racial and cultural groups have become isolated from one another, with the accompanying negative stereotypes, intolerance and racism. A historical survey in the report leaves little doubt that South African youth have over the years been victims of political and socio-cultural crises. They have been subjected to poverty, blatant political manipulation, racial and other divisions that tore the country apart, and a lack of any systematic youth policy to attend to their needs. As a group, they have for many years been largely ignored by the leaders in control of their destiny. And yet, from the earliest decades of the century, they have attempted to assert themselves by forming youth organizations, by protesting against injustices and by insisting on a decent education and living conditions. Unemployment has been a struggle for the South African Youth. Studies show roughly 42% of youth between the ages of 15 and 30 were unemployed. Young women were particularly disadvantaged. In the first place, they were less likely to be part of the labor force because large numbers were involved in unpaid domestic work. Secondly, they found it difficult to find employment while being involved in unpaid domestic work. Unemployment affects the unmarried, junior members of households more adversely than the other members. Unemployment is higher in the homelands and in urban areas that comprise squatter and informal settlements close to the major metropolitan area. It is however unclear as to whether unemployment is higher in rural or in urban areas. At the time, studies indicate 45% of the black, 12% of the white, 40% of the colored and 29% of the Asian youth were unemployed. Family structure and living conditions play an important role. The core family has been seriously affected by social upheavals. Studies indicate that 22% of white, 20% of Asian, 32% of colored and 40 % of black families are currently headed by females. Stability may be found in nuclear, extended, compound or single-parent families. The extended kinship system among blacks and Asians seems to cushion the negative effects of disrupted nuclear family units. However, many youths are not experiencing stability of an enduring nature, and it emerges from surveys that a lot of young people are receiving only fragmented care. The lack of control, supervision and attention is clearly linked to teenagers’ negative behavior such as alcohol and drug abuse, crime, indiscriminate and unprotected sexual activities, etc. Percentages of teenage pregnancies and births out of wedlock are unacceptably high and AIDS is a frightening reality. Amenities such as electricity, on-tap water, waterborne sewerage, refuse removal, etc, are massively under provided to blacks. Black youth live in homes of which 46 % do not have running water and 57 % have no electricity. Only 53 % blacks have access to television Over the life span of today’s youth, a third of all Asian families, nearly a quarter of all colored families and nearly a fifth of the black population were forcibly moved by one method or another. Culture and youth organizations play a very important role in the South African youth of today. Studies affirm that one cannot really speak of a single, monolithic â€Å"youth culture†. In an era of rapid social transformation, stereotyped binary cultural oppositions such as urban/rural, elitist/popular, modern/traditional, are also losing their essential distinctive value. For example, some research point to the possibility that the position that youth occupied in â€Å"traditional†, conservative societies has changed with urbanization and westernization. Recognition of youth’s new, more assertive position has important implications for policy formulation regarding their diversity and their ability not only to react to change and development but actually help guide it. On the other hand, one study showed that, in spite of lingering signs of racism, 60% of adolescents from all the population groups preferred to identify themselves as â€Å"South African†, which may indicate an increasing sense of shared identity, if not unity. The present processes of societal transformation and democratization make the promotion of a shared culture and values essential; something that should start at school level. Recreation and sports play an important role in young people’s lives: 41,7% of male youth and 18,7% of female youth in South Africa are active members of sports clubs. Only 16,3% of all youth however belonged to a youth club and only 8,4% belonged to a cultural organization. Facilities for sports, recreational and organizational activities are urgently needed. The crisis in education is well documented. Black education was seriously disrupted during the 1980s. However, black education expanded greatly in an attempt to fulfil its community’s needs, and improved its retention rates at the same time, despite a range of crises that were almost beyond human imagination. For the majority of black youth in South Africa, access to secondary education is restricted to traditional secondary schools where places are limited, facilities are not up to standard, teachers are not properly qualified and access to subjects such as mathematics, physical science, economics, business economics, accounting, etc, is limited because of a shortage of teachers qualified in these subjects. This causes the whole system to be skewed in favor of such subjects as biology, geography, history and biblical studies, which are the four most â€Å"popular† non-language subjects among black pupils. Clearly if this trend were to continue, the youth would be even more frustrated with the learning opportunities offered to them. Violence and crime remain endemic in the country and have many destructive effects on youth. Scientific research has shown that black respondents generally rejected violence as a political option, but that about 20% of the white the respondents tended to be militarized in their outlook. In a new democracy like South Africa it is imperative that all its citizens should be politically literate to enable them to participate fully in all facets of a democratic society. Several studies on political literacy among young South Africans have suggested that this country’s youth are not well informed about politics. There is probably no area of South African life which has more compellingly shown the extent to which apartheid has isolated and insulated different sections of this country’s youth from one another than the area of politics. Youth who grew up in the security and tranquillity of white neighborhoods could fully participate in the parliamentary politics of apartheid South Africa if they wished to do so. They had very little knowledge or understanding of the harsh realities of township life which confronted the vast majority of South Africa’s youth every day. For most white youths the events, that have taken place in South Africa’s black townships since the mid-seventies, were nothing more than images on the television screen – events they were socialized to interpret as being initiated by radical (communist inspired) people who were attempting to take away their (whites’) privileged position. Indeed, white and black youths under apartheid lived in different worlds. Studies have shown that the above problems are ameliorated by two sets of findings, namely that â€Å"the South African youth† by no means represent a uniform category of people, and that the majority of South Africa’s young people want to play a constructive role in the creation of a new South Africa. Their rejection of violence, their respect for the cultural and racial diversity in South Africa, the value they place on education and training are all very important to the South African youths of today and in that sense we American youths should learn a thing or two from them. They have adapted in remarkable and innovative ways to the often painful processes of rapid change, and although they may lack skills and opportunities, they are eager to face the challenge of reconstruction and development. Most of them share their communities’ values and are basically conservative in their views. Only 8% of the sample claimed no religious affiliation – the majority felt that religion played an important role in their daily lives. In conclusion that the tide may be turning for the country’s youth. Population growth rates are decreasing, income distribution is becoming more equal, the assault on family structures was balanced by the growth of the compound family, a legitimately elected government is in place and a national youth policy has been promised in the RDP. June 16 has been declared a public holiday and renamed Youth Day. Not only youth’s many contributions to the country, but in particular their sacrifices and hardships have not gone unnoticed or unappreciated. How to cite The South African Youth, Papers

To Kill a Mockingbird Research free essay sample

American history has changed in many ways, whether it’s from civil rights to daily American life. The court system has also changed in many ways, one of which being racism. Two trials in particular are the Emmett Till case and a fictional case, which is the Tom Robinson case from Harper Lee’s novel, To Kill a Mockingbird. Both men are similar because they were both being accused of sexual transgression and both were also victims of excessive violence. Both Emmett and Tom were African Americans who lived through the times of terrible racism in the south. Because both men lived through racism in the 1900’s, their lives were affected with the time honored code, that white men would stick together and stand against any black man, and lastly, they suffered through accusations and punishment without evidence. Throughout the 1920’s to the1950’s racism ran very deep in the lives of Americans. White Americans hated all black men and women and did whatever they could to demoralize them and make them feel like they did not belong because of their skin color. In both cases, Emmett Till and Tom Robinson were black men accused of going too far with white females. The Emmett Till case took place in the 1950’s. Emmett was a fourteen year old black male accused of â€Å"wolf whistling† at, twenty-one year old, white female, Carolyn Bryant from Money, Mississippi. Emmett never physically touched Carolyn Bryant. While visiting his family on vacation, he noticed her from a distance and whistled in a way she took offensively. This was mainly a problem due to the fact that Emmett Till was African American and Carolyn Bryant was not. In the novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, the author, Harper Lee, created a fictional case that demonstrates lifelike problems that real people had to deal with. The Tom Robinson case took place somewhere between the late 1920’s and the early 1930’s in Maycomb County, Alabama. During this time Alabama’s racist roots ran very deep. So many people were struggling financially that many people were looking for a reason to fight, or a way to keep those who were less welcomed down. Racism was very common and a main part of the book, Atticus Finch States, â€Å"The one place where a man ought to get a square deal is in a courtroom, be he any color of the rainbow, but people have a way of carrying their resentments right into a jury box. As you grow older, youll see white men cheat black men every day of your life, but let me tell you something and dont you forget it whenever a white man does that to a black man, no matter who he is, how rich he is, or how fine a family he comes from, that white man is trash†(295). Tom Robinson was a young man with a family. He was forced to walk pass the Ewell house daily so he could get to and from work, every now and again Mayella Ewell would have him stop to help her do something for her, because she had nobody else who would help her. Through these visits she felt they established a friendship; he felt pity for the woman who had no one. After Mayella’s dad, Bob Ewell, beat her leaving bruises, they accused Tom Robinson of raping her. Because of Bob Ewell beating his daughter it was easy for the white community to believe that a black male may have caused these marks during a sexual assault. This case was unfair on many levels, including the fact that it was never fully inspected and there was no true evidence. Even though the Tom Robinson case is fictional from a book it could have easily been based on a true story such as Emmett Till’s. Sexual transgression is the crime that both Tom Robinson and Emmett Till were accused of. Sexual transgression is to cross a boundary sexually, whether the incident is caused by touching, making a simple noise, or comment. In the Emmett Till case, Emmett may have just â€Å"wolf whistled† at Carolyn Bryant, but her impression of what occurred caused enough stress that it was believed he needed to be punished. It may not have been considered rape, but it was still sexual assault. Finding it necessary to punish Emmett Till for his behavior shows that they were willing to make an example out of him and take it to any level to get rid of him. He was simply a fourteen year old boy who didn’t know what he was doing; he didn’t think before the choice he made. He thought he was just having some fun. Understanding the way historical times were, I would think that there may have been consequences, but they took the consequences way beyond the point they should have. Tom Robinson, from To Kill a Mockingbird, also experienced extreme consequences. Reading this novel you learn Tom Robinson allegedly raped Mayella Ewell. Even though there was a trial and Tom Robinson’s white attorney believed in his innocence, the three hour jury deliberation still ended in a guilty verdict. About the said crime Tom Robinson states â€Å"Well, I said I best be goin, I couldnt do nothin for her, an she said, oh, yes I could. An I asked her what, and she said to jus step on the chair yonder an git that box down from on top of the chifforobe. So I done like she told me, and I was reachin when the next thing I know she grabbed me aroun the legs. She scared me so bad I hopped down an turned the chair over. That was the only thing, only furniture sturbed in the room, Mr. Finch, I swear, when I left it Mr. Finch, I got down off the chair, and I turned around an she sorta jumped on me. She hugged me aroun the waist. She reached up an kissed me on the face. She said shed never kissed a grown man before an she might as well kiss me. She says for me to kiss her back. And I said, Miss Mayella, let me outta here, an I tried to run. Mr. Ewell cussed at her from the window and said hes gonna kill her† (97). As of this, these are the words said by Tom Robinson while trying to prove himself innocent. Tom Robinsons case was never deeply investigated by the jury which is unlawful. Though Tom Robinson did enter the house alone with a white female nobody really knows what happens, nor did they call the doctor to find out. Tom’s case was completely powerful in the matter of what happen but a disgrace to some because everybody knew he was truly innocent but yet did not care enough about the young Mayella Ewell to get her out of harm’s way. Whether or not Tom raped Mayella, the jury thought it would be simpler to just say Tom was guilty. Neither of these men, nor others like them, stood a chance in proving themselves innocent. In a racist culture, no black male could overcome the power of an allegation made by a white woman. This tradition of blindly supporting false accusations led to an unsecure and unsafe lifestyle for everyone. The practice of being innocent until proven guilty in a court of law and being judged by a panel of your peers was not in existence during these racist times. Consequently, Emmett Till and Tom Robinson could not prove themselves innocent due to the fact they were African American. Neither of their cases made it to the Supreme Court. In fact, the Emmett Till case never made it to court at all because he was lynched before anybody decided he would face a trial at all. Instead of a trial for Emmett’s whistling, two men took it upon themselves to kidnap and torture him until he died. The only trial that took place in front of a jury was for the two men who lynched him. This trial allowed two guilty men to go free and they got away with it because they were supported by the time honored code. The result of this situation was very unfair because Emmett never made it to court since he was lynched. Not only did he not have the opportunity to learn from his mistake but his killers admitted to the crime after being found innocent. Also, it was unacceptable in the black community that the killers got away without a single consequence. Their reaction to Emmett whistling at a white female was too strong, violent, and cruel. Unlike the Emmett Till case, Tom Robinson’s case came before a jury. Tom was proven guilty, but his lawyer, Atticus Finch, got the jury to deliberate for more than three hours, unlike most cases during this time. This small victory of getting the jurors to deliberate at all does not compare to the loss of an innocent man’s life. â€Å"Which, gentlemen, we know is in itself a lie as black as Tom Robinsons skin, a lie I do not have to point out to you. You know the truth, and the truth is this: some Negroes lie, some Negroes are immoral, some Negro men are not to be trusted around women – black or white. But this is a truth that applies to the human race and to no particular race of men. There is not a person in this courtroom who has never told a lie, who has never done an immoral thing, and there is no man living who has never looked upon a woman without desire (223) Tom’s case was a unfair due to the fact that since he was African American he was automatically without any thought and punished for what happened whether true or not. Also, it was unfair that nobody in the jury cared enough about what really did happen to the young girl, Mayella Ewell. Considering that Tom Robinson and Emmett Till were both accused of sexual transgressions and treated as though they were guilty, it is a possibility that this may have never happened if they were not African Americans living in the south during these times. Id rather you shoot at tin cans, in the backyard, but I know youll go after birds. Shoot all the blue jays you want, if you can hit them, but remember its a sin to kill a mockingbird† says Atticus (94). This quotes from To Kill a Mockingbird is a message indirectly quoting the African Americans to being the blue jays, and the white Americans to be the mockingbirds. This means that to them whether it was a true case or not it was not a sin or anything unreasonable top accuse a African American of a crime and have the free will to take matters into your own hands and shot them in the true or untrue event of an accident. On the other hand it is starting that it is a complete sin to kill or accuse a white person in the ourt of law when it is against a person of the African American race. Throughout American history, there are countless cases that show how unfair our judicial system can be. The unlawful acts of unfair American court systems have been going on through many years. Through Emmett Till and Tom Robinson, we have seen that two men were wrongly accused of sexual transgressions due to their race. They would not have faced these accusations if they were not black. Historically, i t was accepted by white Americans to wrongly accuse a person because of their race. These men endured tragic consequences simply due to the color of their skin, and not based on any evidence of these crimes that they were accused of committing. American civil rights have tried and still are trying to become less biased in the court system by trying to get rid of impartial juries, having cases built on solid evidence, and believing that people are innocent until proven guilty. Having civil rights in the United States is important so we stay together as one country and view one another equally. Works Cited Crow, Chris. â€Å"The Lynching of Emmett Till. † The history of Jim Crow. n. d. Web. 2 May 2011. lt;www. jimcrowhistory. orggt; Lee, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. New York: Warner Books, 1960. Print. Devery, Anderson. â€Å"A Boy Named Emmett† Case Overview. Emmett Till Murder. 19 November 2011. Web. 2 February 2012 lt;www. emmetttillmurder. comgt;. Devery, Anderson. â€Å"The Trial of the Killers and Its Aftermath† Case Overview. Emmett Till Murder. 19 November 2011. Web. 2 February 2012 lt;www. emmetttillmurder. comgt;.

Recruitment Practices Different Levels of Qualifications

Increase immigration into Canada essays

Increase immigration into Canada essays Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. As we all now we are all gathered here today to debate, argue over a bill concerning an increase in immigration. We may not all be on the same side. But personally I am for increasing immigration and in the following I will explain, my reasons. Since the early 1600s and after the great depression Canada has had many ups and downs concerning immigration. It has had immigrants flea from all different countries from around the world. Some people from other countries have come here for many sorts of reasons. Some came looking for riches like the French during their years. Some others were forced to leave Canada because of war or persecution. During the Industrial Revolution people from Britain 1978 Immigration Act Canada has made rules and objectives regarding immigration. There are 3 class of immigrants, the 2nd class is the Family class which are potential immigrants that have to be closely related to a Canadian citizen. The Refugee class are people who have been forced to leave their country because of war or persecution. The 3rd class is theindependent class which are people admitted on the basis of skills, capital, and jobs available in Canada. The Act also prohibits certain categories of people those are the ones that pose a threat to the society. I think that Immigration in Canada should be increased because it is moral to let people have the freedom to live a life the way they want to. Also because I think that it will be socially accepted and also that an increase in immigration will lead to Canada being seen as a good country. I believe that increasing immigration is something that should be put into action, because every day there are more people wanting to get away from the life that they have know. More people want to have a bette ...

Final assingment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Final assingment - Essay Example i. Disciplinary literacy This subject in the content areas of Math, Science and Social Studies should be a subject area to be taught to students when they are in the middle and secondary school setting and not the level at which they are taught currently. This may be given the approach of making the use of comprehensive strategies and subsequently teaching those strategies to adolescent readers. This aspect has been a challenge since most teachers or tutors have since believed that just the provision of adequate basic skills would suit kids with the adequate knowledge, which will enable them, read and write. This view once seemed feasible because at the time following it would enable schools produce an educated population for the countries needs. This was despite the fact that most of the students did not attain the highest level of education. Identity is an issue when it comes to disciplinary literacy; this is because it has many practical applications in classrooms. This is because it presents a challenge when it comes to a situation when one needs to understand their identity at different levels and how these identities shape what they see, view and understand texts. The identity challenge applies in the area of disciplinary literacy in the most basic sense to be able to deal with a given bunch of texts or academic artifacts; this is because this aspect requires that one is disciplinary literate in the area of study. This means one is proficient with the skills that would enable them pass the next level course by taking the material seriously and making sure that one is abreast with the skills required at every step in the process. Therefore, disciplinary literacy involves hard work with a strong foundation of the skills from the required disciplines which most of the teachers at the foundation level forego posing a challenge to the adolescents in terms of career development. It is considered a challenge in the majority because the few instances when it has been used it has brought in insights to many learners through useful applications hence enabling the setting up of appropriate foundations for students to progress deeper into their chosen disciplines (Brozo). ii. Poverty hence homelessness Poverty is a serious issue most so when it comes to the adolescents, this is even further propagated in situations when the same students both the rich and the poor share the same classroom setting. This is a problem because it would affect the level at which the adolescent poor will be willing to learn as the vice affects their innermost self in terms of how they feel and hence their motivation to learn. It is a worse scenario children being faced by poverty situations like homelessness when they are still in schools, this is despite the fact that the government existence while making expenditures towards unnecessary budgets. In the US, about 13 million children are faced with a homelessness situation due to low income while they can still affor d to stay in the same classrooms with other students (Brozo). Although some children still manage to learn even in the states which they are in most of the adolescent students are poor students due to the lack of early literacy development due to lack of permanent stations. The state is even worsened, as the teachers may not be willing to understand the situation in which the children had

Critical Review on Shelby Lee Adams's Photography Essay

Critical Review on Shelby Lee Adams's Photography - Essay Example His works have also been published in two volumes. The photography of Shelby Lee Adams presents people in their normal lives and environment capturing their way of life. Adams has captured people in their families showing the importance of family. The photography of Shelby Lee Adams has captured a representational and hegemonic way of thinking about the Appalachian community. For instance, the photographs reveal information about poverty, family life and illiteracy. Most of Adams’ photography shows the subjects in their real world situations enjoying the attention from the camera. The manner in which Adams captures his subjects reveals a lot about them. He has captured the social life of his subjects in a clear manner. Adams’ pictures promote a hegemonic way of thinking about poverty in Appalachian society. The photographs present subjects and families that seem to be in consensus with their poor conditions. His pictures show large extended families that live in primiti ve conditions especially in rural places. For example, the picture that shows the Napier family in 1989 show two old people with three other young adults. Napier family, 1989 The picture clearly shows that the Napier family is poor. The look of their dresses reveals that there are not rich families. For example, one of the sons, standing next to the father, on the left side of the photo has no shirt. He has a pair of trousers that is dirty and has sticky substances at the knees. The wall where they are standing is old with worn out wood pieces. The viewer cannot tell whether the photo was taken in the house or outside judging by the poor conditions around the subjects. The faces of these people show a smile clearly meant for the camera moment. These photos present the sad picture of the Appalachian community from the 1950s to the 1990s. They show the poverty and dilapidated conditions

Keynse v Friedman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Keynse v Friedman - Essay Example A weak aggregate demand could cause unemployment to rise and starts a negative cycle of boom and bust in economics. The general thrust of a government whenever there is a threat of recession is to intervene and use fiscal and monetary tools to mitigate the ill effects of a recession. A key recommendation of Keynes during a down economic cycle was stimulus spending by the government by deficit spending which at first glance is counter-intuitive as it requires spending using money that a government does not have in the first place and might cause inflation and devaluation. If his ideas were adopted earlier, it could have made the Great Depression less severe and shorter. Milton Friedman (1912-2006) is a famous American economist in his own right and he won the coveted Nobel Prize in Economics in 1976 for challenging the ideas of Keynes. In particular, he argued there is always a persistent unemployment that government policies can only reduce to a certain extent. The trick, he argues, is give free market capitalism free rein in promoting jobs and thereby increase in the process the level of aggregate consumption or the so-called aggregate demand of Keynesian economics. He denounced Keynesian economics as as socialism with his famous remark that â€Å"there is no such thing as a free lunch.† He sees government intervention as interference of free markets and a dangerous act (Friedman

Heavy Mechanical Complex (Private) Limited Analysis

Heavy Mechanical Complex (Private) Limited Analysis Heavy Mechanical Complex (Private) Limited is a leading engineering goods manufacturing enterprise in Pakistan located at Taxila about 30 Kilometers north of capital Islamabad. It is a professionally managed progressive organization with over 160,000 sq. meters covered facilities and 1100 employees. HMC have a separate COLONY for their employee which is equipped with all the basic facilities. History   Heavy Mechanical Complex was founded in 1969 with the collaboration of CHINA and it was a huge project which was gifted to the people of Pakistan by the CHINA. It is playing a main role in the Development of the country. VALUE HMC have the resources to handle large projects with demanding delivery schedules. Being the largest and most extensive fabrication and machining facility equipped with state of the art technology HMC provide manufacturing services both on our own or customers design. HMC have gained rich experience in designing and manufacturing of large projects through collaboration with internationally reputed engineering organizations. All its processing facilities are in-house including Designing, Fabrication, Machining, Iron and Steel Castings, Forgings, Heat Treatment, Assembly, Sand Blasting, Painting and Galvanizing etc. HMC is ISO 9001 certified the manufacturing is backed by excellent quality control and testing facilities to meet the product and customer quality requirements. PRODUCTS HMC is offering a products having state of the art technology. Some of the projects offered are as follow: Cement Plants HMC offer its clients technology know-how, gained largely from collaboration with world-renowned manufacturers / designers of Portland Cement Plants from 600  to 4,000 TPD capacity and white cement plant up to 1,000 TPD capacities. Sugar Plants HMCs engineering team is capable to draw up the details for complete plant engineering from plant layout to equipment selection, equipment design, piping schedules, material balance, utility balance, heat balance, loading and strength calculations of supporting structure etc. and capable for designing and engineering of complete sugar plant ranging crushing capacity of cane from 500 TCD to 12,000 TCD and beet sugar plants up to 3000 TCD based on various processes. Chemical Petro-Chemical Plants HMC is manufacturing the following equipment for chemical petrochemical plants: Pressure vessels Heat exchangers Storage tanks (LPG, Crude oil, etc) of various types Drums Towers / strippers Columns etc Power Plants Thermal Power Plants In the energy sector HMC has supplied over 30,000 tons of fabricated equipment and parts to different power plants. Major strength is HMCs capabilities for manufacturing utility boilers pressure parts. For this purpose some of the major machines are: 3 roller bending machines for making drums Booster pipe bending machine for making super heater Reheated and economizer coils Specialized machine for machining and welding of headers and complete train of machines for manufacture of membrane walls in panel and bent form. Overhead Traveling Cranes Overhead traveling cranes being part of regular production programmer of HMC are designed and manufactured according to individual requirements of the client. Various types of cranes being manufactured are: Overhead traveling cranes (electrically operated) with hook, grab or magnet. Gantry and semi gantry cranes JIB cranes either pillar mounted or wall mounted type Under-slung cranes Mono-rail systems straight and curved track. Road Construction Machinery Road Rollers HMC manufactures 10-12 tons static road roller having trade mark registered name Shehzore for more than two half decades as per requirements of international road compaction standards. HMC has manufactured / supplied more than 1200 (one thousand two hundreds) units of static road rollers in the country. HMCs static road roller is tough, versatile, dependable, having low operational cost and high standard of performance. HMC have a strong back up of after sale service and supply of spare parts on regular basis. Railway Equipment Axles HMC is the only railway axle manufacturing concern in Pakistan and has so far supplied over 7500 different type of axles for bogies, wagons locomotives for Pakistan Railways. Screw Jacks Special purpose screw jack for lifting the railway locomotives are custom designed and manufactured as per requirement most of the Pak Railways requirement is catered for by HMC. WORK SHOPS Work Shops which are taking place in the Production process in HMC are as follow: Design Shop Design Shop is established in 1970. About 100 highly qualified and experienced design engineers are engaged in designing. Equipped with latest CAD tools (See Hardware Software). About 132 node local area network is installed in Design Department. Fabrication Shop All the fabrication processing needs are available in HMC which include; thermal and mechanical cutting, beveling, plate bending, hot and cold forming, SMAG,TIG,MIG,SAW Welding, stress relieving/heat treatment furnaces, abrasive blasting, painting and galvanizing. Machining Shop HMC has the ability to machine castings, forgings, fabricated parts, sub assemblies and complete assemblies in accordance with the design requirements. The facility consists of varieties of machine tools capable of performing various machining operations such as turning, planning, milling, boring, drilling, deep hole drilling, gear hobbing, threading, slotting, spiral bevel cutting etc. to the close tolerate specified in the design Steel Foundry Shop In HMC Steel foundry is equipped with 215 toms and 1x 3 tons electric arc furnace (EAF), 1.5 ton induction furnace, sand preparation system, mechanized molding system, molding machines, heat transfer and heating furnaces. Iron Foundry Shop In HMC Iron foundry Shop is equipped with three hot blast 5 ton cupolas and two main frequency induction furnaces of 1.5 ton and 0.75 ton respectively. Iron castings in various shapes and grades including S.G. Iron up to approximately 25 tons a piece and copper or Aluminum castings up to 2000 kg a piece can be produced as per customers requirements. Hydraulic Press Shop Hydraulic Press shop is equipped with a 3150 ton hydraulic forging press, 80 ton overhead forging crane, 10 ton forging manipulator, overhead traveling cranes having maximum lifting capacity of 50 ton. Die Forge Shop Die Forge shop specializes in production of automotive die forged components in weight up to 150 kg a piece and steel balls up to 100 mm diameter. Quality Control Shop Inspection and testing is carried out as per the procedures established for ISO 9001, QA System and ASME Code procedures. The inspection testing activities are well backed up with the following facilities: Non Destructive Examination Material Testing Lab Instrument Calibration Laboratory ORGANIZATION CHART MANAGING DIRECTOR Quality Assurance Sales Marketing Group Finance Accounts Department Product Design G.M Head Operation Project Management Division DGM SM-P G.M (SED-3) Foundry Forge Works DMD (SED-2) Purchase DGM Mechanical Works G.M Design Human Resource Department Production Planning Control Role of key Positions Organization Chart basically tells us about the different positions in the organization and shows that how they interact with each other for the proper working of the organization. Managing Director Managing Director is the CEO of the organization and he deals with all the matters in the organization. He is responsible to manage and control all the activities performed in his organization. Deputy Managing Director In the absence of Managing Director Deputy Managing Director Act as a CEO of the Organization and along with that it is the responsibility of the DMD to give suggestions to the Managing Director in different matters. General Manager General Manager is the third most important position in the Hierarchy of Heavy Mechanical Complex. In the absence of Managing director and Deputy Managing Director, General Manager is the sole Authority and he control all the activities performed in the organization. Other Top positions Along with the three main Top Positions in HMC, DGM Sales Marketing, DGM Purchase, DGM Finance, DGM Accounts also play there role in the decision making process. ORGANIZATION CULTURE Introduction to Culture Culture is a set of basic values, believes, perception and behaviors that people learn from there surroundings. Every Organization has its own culture and employees have to adopt them selves according to the culture of the organization. Organization Culture basically tells us that how employees interact with each other, behavior of employers with their sub ordinates and method of interaction of top management with the middle and low level management in the Hierarchy of the organization is also depend upon the culture of the organization. Organization Culture in Heavy Mechanical Complex In HMC organizational Culture is quit similar to the culture of any Government organization. Top Level management is not answerable to any one but the middle level management is answerable in front of the top management and similarly low level management is dependent on middle level and top level management. On the other hand there is also a Welfare Union which is defending the rights of the workers and there are proper elections held in the organization. Union are playing a Positive role in the working of the organization. Apart from Welfare Union there is also a regulatory authority in HMC which is responsible to handle a conflict between Employees and vice Versa. DEPARTMENTS There are Different Departments in HMC and each department has its own important in the proper working of the organization. Accounts Department All the Accounts of the HMC are maintained in the Accounts Department and DGMA ALAM KHAN is the head of that department. All the transactions, Annual Reports, Income Statement, and Profit Loss AC are maintained in the Accounts Department. Finance Department Finance Department is also a very important department in any organization and in HMC Finance Department is responsible for all the payments which are to be made to the external parties. Finance Department consist of thee sections namely: Bill Section Pay Roll Section Credit Control Section DGMF SALEEM IQBAL is the head of Finance department. Purchase Department Purchase Department is also a key Department in HMC. Its main role is to fulfill the requirement of the Raw Material. When ever there is a shortage of Raw Material in the Shops and material is not available in the Store then Purchase Department place an order to the External Parties in the form of TENDER. The party which provides best Raw Material and fulfills all the requirements is then given the Purchase Order. Copy of this Purchase order is then given to Finance Department and when the delivery is received then the payment is made to that party according to the specified Terms and Conditions as expressed in the Purchase Order. Sales Department The working of the sales Department is opposite to that of purchase department. When ever there is some order placed by some party to HMC, then the Engineers take a look at there capability that they can fulfill the required order in time or not. If they have the capability then Proposal is sent to the party and terms and conditions are decided. This Sale Order is then sent to the Finance Department and when the order is placed to the party the payment is received according to terms and conditions defined in Sales Order. PPC, Quality Assurance Department PPC (Production Planning Control) or Quality Assurance Department is also a very important department. The main Functions of this department is to check the Quality of purchase material and also the quality of the equipment or plant which is going to be selling to external party in accordance with the rules define under ISO9001. HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT We say that there is a Finance dept, Purchase Dept, Sales Dept, A/C Dept etc. Can these Departments performs there functions at there own? Answer is BIG NO. There is some force which is controlling these departments and this force is Human Resource. With out Human Resource no Department can perform its Functions. Human Resource Departments role is to provide skilled and efficient human resource to perform functions in these departments. The main source to run any organization is the Human Resource and with Human Resource no organization can survive. HISTORY OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT Human Resource Department is considered as a key Department in any Organization because all the departments have to keep interaction with this very department. But Unfortunately history of Human Resource Department is not very good in our country PAKISTAN, the scope of Human Resource Department is developing in different organizations but it will take at least one or two decades for the awareness of Importance of Human Resource Department. In HMC there was an ADMIN Department which was handling all the functions of the organization but now there is a Human Resource Department in HMC and all the affairs related to Recruitment and Selection is taken by Human Resource Department. Frankly Speaking we can say that they had change the name of there ADMIN Dept into Human Resource Department. Hierarchy of Human Resource Department in HMC Head Human Resource Department Admin Services Personal Litigation Welfare Estate Industrial Relation Industrial Relation Department As we have seen in the Hierarchy of Human Resource Department in HMC Industrial Relation is the Sub department of Human Resource. Industrial Relation Basically deals with the affairs of Labors and Workers. Recruitment, Training, Selection, Development, Job Rotation and all other functions of Human Resource related to Labor are deal in Industrial Relation Department. Industrial Relation follows the IRO 2002 (Industrial Relation Ordinance 2002) and affairs of workers are deal under Industrial and Commercial Employment Ordinance 1968. Personal Department Personal department is the second important department in HMC. Personal department deals with the affairs of Officers and Top Management. It is the responsibility of Personal Department to Prepare ACR of the employees at the end of year. In short all the Human Resource Activities related to Officers are deal under the UMBRELLA of Personal. Litigation and Welfare Department HMC basically follows the Factory Act 1934, and all the matters related to Law are deal under the Litigation. If some external party Sue the organization then it is the responsibility of Litigation section to solve the issue according to Law. All the welfare issues are also deal under this department. Transport, Education of Employees Children and Medical Facilities to Employees are Deal under Welfare Section. Estate Department HMC is having its Colony for its employees and there are more than 80% employees who are living in the Colony. Estate department duty is to deal with all the affairs related to Colony. Main duties of Estate Department are: Allotment of Quarters Maintenance Street Lights Security Supply of Electricity, Gas Water Apart from these duties it is also the duty of estate department to keep check and balance of Inventory and assets of the factory. Admin General Services Department All the Issues which are related to Administration of the HMC are deal under the Admin General Services Section. ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEPARTMENT Human Resource Department is playing a very important role in the organization. All the organization is linked directly or indirectly with the Human Resource Department. There are Five Different Sub Departments of Human Resource in HMC which shows us about the important of Human Resource Department. FUNCTIONS OF HUMAN RESOURCE Following are the main Functions of Human Resource Department in Heavy Mechanical Complex and now we will discuss these functions in detail. HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING Introduction Human Resource Planning is the first Function of Human Resource Department. Basically Human resource planning is a process of determining an organizations human resource needs. Whenever an organization is in the process of determining its human resource needs, it is engaged in a process we can call human resource planning. Human Resource Planning in HMC Every Organization has to fulfill its needs of Human Resource in order to perform its functions in a smooth way. HMC is also involved in the process of Human Resource Planning. When ever there is need arises of Human Resource in any workshop then the shop In-charge sends a memo to the Industrial Relation Department which deals with the affairs of workers. Industrial Relation first of all tries to search for some Hidden Employment so that they can rotate the Worker to the desired work shop. If there is no hidden employment then they send a memo to the Managing Director for the approval of the further process of Recruiting new employees. When the approval is received by the Managing Director then the further process of giving Ads in the news paper and job analysis starts. Similarly if there is a need to hire some Engineer or Manager the same procedure is followed but the process of managerial level post is entertained in the Personal Department. Suggestion about Human Resource Planning Suggestion for Human Resource Planning in Heavy Mechanical Complex is that process of human Resource planning should not be too long as it happens normally in Government Organizations that candidate has to wait for 6 to 8 months for the Interview call. Process should be short. HUMAN RESOURCE JOB ANALYSIS Introduction The procedure for determining the duties and skill requirements of a job and the kind of person who should be hired for it. Job Analysis is done with the current employees who are performing there duties and the main purpose of job analysis is to determine jobs duties, responsibilities and accountabilities. This process includes the identification of the task performed, Machines and Equipments used in operational activities etc. Use of Job Analysis Information Job Analysis information is used in: Job Description A list of a jobs duties, responsibilities, reporting relationships, working conditions, and supervisory responsibilities-one product of a job analysis. Job Description is basically a part of job analysis in which we describe the nature of job, working conditions, responsibilities duties etc. Job Specification A list of a jobs human requirements, that is, the requisite education, skills, personality, and so on-another product of a job analysis. In Job Specification we look for the human requirement for the specified job. We look for the Education, Knowledge, Qualification and skills required for the job. Apart from Job description and Job Specification Job Analysis information is also help full in determining: Recruitment and Selection Performance Appraisal Job Evaluation Training Job Analysis in Heavy Mechanical Complex In HMC First of all the Human Resource Managers describe the job description and job specification. The company asses the role of position and then determines whether this position is occupied only by a person who is experienced or person without experience can easily and immediately adjust himself in such a position and then company decides what type of qualification person holds who can handle with the problems arise with in that situation. In simple we can say that the company has some expectations regarding the position and company formulate their job description and job specification on the basis of their expectation that the person who shall occupy this position must possess such kind of skills experience and qualification. But these expectations are established after analyzing the posts. Suggestions regarding Job Analysis Company follows the old techniques related to job analysis process. Many problems arise due to the old techniques which are adopted by HMC. So we suggest that they should use new techniques regarding job description and job specification so that they can easily evaluate the current employees on there job. RECRUITMENT INTRODUCTION There is a need of skilled and qualified workers in any organization in order to differentiate themselves from their competitors. So, an effective recruitment process is necessary for every organization. Recruitment refers to the process of creating pool of applicants. Recruiting is the process of discovering potential candidates for actual or anticipated organized vacancies. Basically two types of recruitment process are followed by different organization; Internal Recruitment External Recruitment Internal Recruitment Recruitment that is done within the organization either in form of promotion, job rotation etc. Different Methods of internal recruitment are as follows: Referrals Notice boards College hirings (apprenticeship) Job fairs etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. External Recruitment External Recruitment refers to the recruitment of new employees from out Side the organization. Different methods of external recruitment are as follows: Newspaper Magazine Radio Internet Signboards Television etc à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Recruitment Process in Heavy Mechanical Complex Company has designed the Recruitment Policy as follows: Age of worker should be 18 or more years at the time of recruitment. He should have N.I.C. Physical health should be proper as regarded to the nature of work. Source of Recruitment in Heavy Mechanical Complex Main sources of recruitment in HMC are as: Walk in interviews Direct hiring Notice boards Newspapers Internet College hiring (Apprenticeship) Suggestions Many hires are based on favoritism in HMC. As HMC is government organization so political influence plays a keen role while hiring. We suggest that hirings are based totally on merits to increase the standards of productivity. SELECTION Introduction Organizational performance always depends in part on subordinates having the right skills and attributes. So an effective selection process can enhance the working efficiency of any organization. HR selection is the process of choosing qualified Individuals who are available to fill positions in an Organization. Selection process in Heavy Mechanical Complex HMC has its own selection process. There is a selection committee who scrutinize the applications on the bases of their criteria. A criterion for education is as follows: Education Weitage (%) Metric 20 Intermediate 20 Graduation 50 Interview 10 There is also a provincial quota for every province. Province Quota (%) Punjab 50 Sindh(Urban) 7.6 Sindh(Rural) 11.4 NWFP 11.5 Baluchistan 6 Fata 4 Azad Kashmir 2 There is also 7.5 % quota for merit Testing techniques Different testing technique is used to evaluate the candidates abilities. Written test Interview Medical test Suggestions Regarding Selection Process The criteria for selection is effective but there is need to adopt new method for testing employees to meet internationals levels. We suggest that there should be a G-MAT test, online test for evaluating candidates skills and immediate feedback. ORIENTATION Introduction A procedure for providing new employees with basic background information about the firm. In orientation information about organization culture, information on employee benefits, health and safety measures, regulations, working hours, compensations, discipline, dressing, daily routine works and information about other important issues are provided. Main purpose of orientation is to provide the basic know how about the organization. Orientation in Heavy Mechanical Complex Unfortunately there is no proper method of orientation adopted by HMC they mixed up orientation and training process. TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Training The process of teaching new employees the basic skills they need to perform their jobs. Training refers to the methods used to give new or present employee the skills they need to perform their job satisfactorially.Good training is vital. Why training is needed Training is needed when there is a problem, lack of efficiency or lack of activities. Development Any attempt to improve current or future management performance by imparting knowledge, changing attitudes, or increasing skills. Main difference b/w training and development by different authors are as: Training is for new employees and term development is used for existing employees The term training is used for labor force and the development refers for managerial employees. Training and Development Techniques in Heavy Mechanical Complex Different Training and development techniques are used by management in HMC. The criteria for training and development for labor force and management are different. On the Job training techniques is also used. Industrial relation Department Workers and labor training are deal by industrial relation department. Time period for labor force training vary from 4 to 6 weeks. They have there own training centers where training is provided to workers. Personnel department Managerial level training is deal by personnel department. Training for managerial levels varies from 6 month to 1 year time duration. Development Development of employees basically depends upon annual confidential report (ACR) which prepared at the end of each year. And promotions are based on there reports. Suggestions regarding Training and Development There are many deficiencies on different technique ground and employees dont take interest on training .proper check and balance is required to ensure that employee take interest in training. PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT Introduction Performance management system involves numerous activities, for more than simply reviewing what an employee has done. This system must fulfill several purposes. Moreover they are often constrained by difficulties in how they operate. The HR management has set clear-cut standards of performance for every job. The performance appraisal designed by the HR management involves getting information about how well each employee is performing his/her job in order to reward those who are effective, improve the performance of those who are ineffective, or provide a written justification for why the poor performer should be disciplined. The process employers use to make sure employees are working toward organizational goals. Performance Management Practices in Heavy Mechanical Complex Standards are there to evaluate the performance of employees these standard are set by the committee who is responsible for giving promotions and other incentives to there employees. Industrial relation department is responsible for evaluating the performance of labor force. Personnel department is responsible managerial performance. In HMC shop manager is responsible to point the efficient employees. Suggestions Regarding Performance Management As HMC is working under government. So there is a lot of nepotism and favoritism .as labor promotion is base don ACR submitted by the shop supervisor, so there is a lot of favoritism involved. We suggest that there should be proper check and balance by management. And deserving employees should get appraisal according to the regulations. COMENSATION AND BENEFITS Introduction Compensation means to give any financial support to employees in reward against there services. Indirect financial and non financial payments employees receive for continuing their employment with the company. Laws Different laws are followed by HMC for compensating there employees. Some of these are as under Workmen compensation act 1923 Payment of wages act 1936 Minimum wage ordinance 1961 Old age benefit act 1976 Need of Compensations and Benefits Compensation and benefits are given to employees to enhance there performance. Different types of incentives given to employees to improve their performance. Benefits are given to raise the performance of employees. Benefits given to employees in Heavy Mechanical Complex HMC is providing many benefits to there employees. List of benefits are as under Bonuses Housing facility Transportation Schooling Electricity, Gas and Water Hajj facility HEALTH AND SAFETY Health and Safety Practices in Heavy Mechanical Complex HMC is providing health and safety facilities to there employees. There is a hospital in HMC.HMC used to give proper health treatment to their employees and all the expenses on that medical aid are bear by HMC. Dispensary is available on plant where first aid is given in case of emergency. Laws regarding Health and Safety Different laws are following by HMC relating Health and Safety. Some of them are as follow: Industrial Relation Ordinance 2002 (IRO 2002) Factories Ordinance Act 1934 HMC is providing health and safety according to ISO 9001. CONCLUSION After all the Discussion, at the end we may conclude that HMC is an asset of Pakistan. It is a vast project of mechanical engineering and there is a need of proper attention by the Government beca

Personal Teaching Philosophy :: Education Teachers Reflective Writing Essays

Personal Teaching Philosophy As important as a teacher’s philosophy is to the students, I believe that it is more significant to know where it comes from and how it was developed. When I walk into a classroom, not only do I want my students to know what my feelings about education are, but I also want them to know why I have them. I will first give my class an overview of how I came to be a math teacher and the road that I traveled to get there. The fact that I chose math as my concentration because it was the most challenging subject and not the easiest might inspire other students to give math a chance or work harder if they are having trouble. In turn, I will ask each of the students to tell me about their life in general as well as their individual experiences with math. Regardless of their feelings about math, this process will allow me to gain insight into their learning styles so I can work my hardest to plan lessons that make sense and are comfortable. As a teacher, I am there to impart knowledge to my students while simultaneously making them aware of the fact that I am willing and hoping to learn from them in return. I will never assume to know everything about a given topic, and I will emphasize that I view the act of teaching itself as the most effective means of learning. Since I have noticed distaste for math amongst children who don’t learn to appreciate it, I will strive for a change in this thinking through the use of creativity, dedication, and passion for my subject matter. Teachers are lucky enough to wake up every day and go to a place where they have the opportunity to present material that could affect a student’s life forever. The idea that my enjoyment of math might cause a student to look at something in a new light or try harder is awe-inspiring and is reason enough to get up and go to work every day. I feel that math is more versatile than people recognize, and I will work hard to make connections so that students can see the relevance of the material to their lives.